The physiology, pathology and potential therapeutic application of serotonylation

ABSTRACT The classical neurotransmitter serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), synthesized from tryptophan, can be produced both centrally and peripherally. Through binding to functionally distinct receptors, is profoundly implicated in a number of fundamental physiological processes pathogenic conditions. Recently, has been found covalently incorporated into proteins, newly identified post-translational modification termed serotonylation. Transglutaminases (TGMs), especially TGM2, are responsible for catalyzing the transamidation reaction by transferring glutamine residues target proteins. Small GTPases, extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, cytoskeletal proteins histones most reported substrates serotonylation, their functions triggered this modification. This Review highlights roles serotonylation physiology diseases provides perspectives pharmacological interventions ameliorate disease treatment.